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The Civil Constitution of the Clergy ((フランス語:"Constitution civile du clergé")) was a law passed on 12 July 1790 during the French Revolution, that subordinated the Roman Catholic Church in France to the French government. It is often stated this law confiscated the Church's French land holdings or banned monastic vows: that had already been accomplished by earlier legislation. It did, however, complete the destruction of the monastic orders, legislating out of existence "all regular and secular chapters for either sex, abbacies and priorships, both regular and ''in commendam'', for either sex", etc. It also sought to settle the chaos caused by the earlier confiscation of Church lands and the abolition of the tithe.〔(Text of the Legislation, from J.H. Robinson, ed., ''The Civil Constitution of the Clergy, 12 July 1790, Readings in European History'', 2 vols., (Boston: Ginn, 1906), 2: 423–427 )〕 Some of the support from this came from figures within the Church, such as the priest and parliamentarian Pierre Claude François Daunou, and, above all, the revolutionary priest Henri Grégoire. The measure was opposed, but ultimately acquiesced to, by King Louis XVI. ==Status of the Church in France before the Civil Constitution== Even before the Revolution Laine and the Civil Constitution of the Clergy, the Catholic Church in France (the Gallican Church) had a status that tended to subordinate the Church to the State. Under the Declaration of the Clergy of France (1682) privileges of the French monarch included the right to assemble church councils in their dominions and to make laws and regulations touching ecclesiastical matters of the Gallican Church or to have recourse to the "appeal as from an abuse" (''"appel comme d'abus"'') against acts of the ecclesiastical power. Even prior to the Civil Constitution of the Clergy: * On 11 August 1789 tithes were abolished. * On 2 November 1789, Catholic Church property that was held for purposes of church revenue was nationalized, and was used as the backing for the ''assignats''. * On 13 February 1790 (some sources give the date as 11 February for example, ()), monastic vows were forbidden and all ecclesiastical orders and congregations were dissolved, excepting those devoted to teaching children and nursing the sick. * On 19 April 1790, administration of all remaining church property was transferred to the State. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Civil Constitution of the Clergy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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